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Math Curriculum: 2007-2008
Want to Help the Math Department?
That would be great. If grading is easy for you and you have some time and can be consistent, then the Grading Task Force is right for you. We need five parents for the Grading Task Force. You will meet with our Math Learning Specialist on a weekly basis to help grade the tons of paper that pile up quickly. Yes, you will be able to use the grading key! Our goal is to have papers graded by Thursday. That will be our “pass back” day. So we need our Grading Task Force on Wednesdays.
There is another task force called the Math Task Force. You dedicate one period a week to volunteering in the classroom for another pair of hands. We need five parents for this Task Force. Even though our class sizes are small, we still request the assistance of extra hands to better meet the needs of our students. So, if you love math and have some flexibility in your weekly schedule that can be consistent, we want you! Sign up with Ms. Valerie and thank you in advance!!
Second Grade
Students have the opportunity to investigate and develop skills involving numbers, measurement, geometry, patterns, and data analysis.
Numbers
Students demonstrate number sense, including an understanding of number systems and operations and how they relate to one another. Students compute fluently and make reasonable estimates using paper and pencil, technology supported and mental methods.
Measurement
Students estimate and measure to a required degree of accuracy and precision by selecting and using appropriate units, tools and technologies.
Geometry
Students identify, classify, compare and analyze characteristics, properties and relationships of one-, two- and three-dimensional geometric figures and objects. Students use spatial reasoning and properties of geometric objects to analyze mathematical situations and solve problems.
Patterns
Students extend simple number patterns; use patterns to make generalizations and predictions; and create new patterns with consistent rules or plan. They use objects, pictures, numbers and other symbols to represent a problem situation. They understand equivalence and extend the concept to symbols. They use symbols to represent unknown quantities and identify values for symbols in an expression or equation using addition and subtraction. They describe qualitative and quantitative changes, especially those involving addition and subtraction.
Data Analysis
Students pose questions and collect, organize, represent, interpret and analyze data to answer questions. Students read, interpret and make comparisons and predictions from data. They use mathematical processes and knowledge to solve problems. Students apply problem-solving and decision-making techniques, and communicate mathematical ideas.
Third Grade Curriculum
Students who place in third grade curriculum will study and master addition, subtraction and multiplication facts as well as perform the following:
- place value to read, write, represent and compare whole numbers and decimals; use a variety of methods and tools for computing with whole numbers, fractions, mixed numbers and decimals;
- demonstrate fluency in multiplication facts through 10 and corresponding division facts. Students will analyze and solve multi-step problems;
- count money and make change using coins and dollars up through ten dollars
- develop common references for units of measure
- tell time to the nearest minute.
- classify, sketch, and describe attributes of two-dimensional figures and intersecting, parallel, and perpendicular lines
- identify and model three-dimensional figures
- investigate rotational symmetry and transformations
- develop patterns and relationships using objects, pictures, tables, and variables to solve and explain mathematical statements and make predictions
- engage in surveys and experiments for data gathering, organization, and analysis
- identify, describe, and predict simple probability and outcomes through physical models, pictures, diagrams, and lists.
Students who place in the fourth grade math will master addition, subtraction, multiplication facts and problem solving methods as well as perform the following:
- investigate the base-ten number system by reading, writing, representing, comparing and rounding whole numbers and decimals
- demonstrate fluency in computations with whole numbers using 1 and 2 digit numbers
- develop strategies for performing computations mentally
- generate equivalent forms of fractions and decimals to estimate, add, and subtract decimals and fractions with like denominators.
- count money and make change
- examine prime and composite numbers
- make simple measurement conversions of units
- solve multi-step problems
- develop strategies to find perimeter, area, and volume.
- investigate, classify, and model plane figures and solids.
Fifth Grade
If your ability tests out for fifth grade, you will review addition, subtraction, multiplication and division facts for mastery. Students will complete the following:
- compare, order, convert, estimate, and compute with fractions of like and unlike denominators, decimals, ratios, and percents
- investigate perfect squares and their roots
- explore numbers less than zero through familiar applications such as temperature
- extend understanding of plotting locations in a coordinate system to include negative numbers
- determine and compute measurement of length, area, and volume within the same measurement system
- determine the appropriate use of linear, square and cubic units
- estimate and measure angles
- develop formulas of perimeter and area for basic two-dimensional shapes and volume for rectangular prisms
- describe, define, and model two-dimensional and three-dimensional geometric figures
- determine rules for patterns and relationships using calculators, tables, and graphs; create, interpret, and model equations, proportions, and inequalities representing problem situations
read and construct frequency tables, circle graphs, line graphs, and double bar graphs interpreting and selecting graphs that are appropriate for the type of data to be displayed
- determine and use range, mean, median, and mode to compare and explain data
- analyze change through related variables in graphs
- use simple experiments and simulations to list all possible outcomes, make predictions, and justify theoretical probabilities.
Middle School Math
Want your kids to get excited about learning math? Valerie Butler will make mathematicians out of your children. They will know their addition, subtraction, multiplication and division facts depending on their levels! They will all be able to perform mental math, be more fluent with their facts, solve word problems better, appropriately use of math equipment and be able to better complete their assignments with the use of technology.
The homework link for the middle school students is www.phschool.com . Students will be taught how to access the information that fits their assignments so that they can use the video, quiz and test reviews for their homework help or for when they miss class. The GAP School uses the Saxon math program.
Sixth Grade
- If your ability tests out for sixth grade, you will review addition, subtraction, multiplication and division facts for mastery. Students will complete the following:
- analyze the steps in standard and non-standard algorithms for computing with fractions and decimals
- use a variety of strategies, including proportional reasoning, to estimate, compute, solve and explain solutions to problem solving
- work with two-dimensional shapes and explain what happens when the measurements of a shape are changed
- predict and describe results of transformations of two-dimensional figures and draw similar figures that model proportional relationships
- address algebraic expressions, linear equations
- use technology to analyze change
- predict, using data in tables, graphs and experiments to test probability.
Seventh Grade
- If your ability tests out for sixth grade, you will review addition, subtraction, multiplication and division facts for mastery. Students will complete the following:
- determine the appropriate form of rational numbers to solve problems while using a variety of strategies to reason, estimate, compute, solve, and explain solutions of problems
- develop and analyze algorithms for computing with percents and integers
- extend knowledge of the real number system by demonstrating an understanding of rational and irrational numbers, exponents, scientific notation of large numbers, absolute value, and square roots
- apply appropriate techniques and strategies to select, measure, and convert units of length, area, volume, and derived units
- develop formulas for finding area and volume of plane and solid figures
- distinguish the difference between surface area and volume
- define, describe, and draw attributes and properties of plane figures
- plot locations in a coordinate plane
- identify line and rotational symmetry
- perform transformations of plane figures
- draw representations of three-dimensional figures from different views
- use models to engage in equation-solving processes using inverse operations
- graph linear equations and inequalities
- use formulas to solve problems
- read, create, and interpret graphs including box-and-whisker plots and stem-and-leaf plots
- analyze data using the measures of center and spread
- identify the misuses and influence of misrepresentations of data
- compute probability of compound events
- design and conduct experiments to test theoretical probabilities, make predictions, and evaluate the actual outcomes.
Eighth Grade
- If your ability tests out for eighth grade, you will review addition, subtraction, multiplication and division facts for mastery. Students will complete the following:
- estimate, compute, solve, and judge reasonableness of problems with real numbers including ratio, proportion, percent, integers, rational numbers, numbers expressed in scientific notation, and square roots of perfect and non-perfect squares
- solve a variety of real-world and multi-step problems
- convert, compare, and order size of US customary and metric units of measurement
- apply direct and indirect measurement techniques, tools, and derivation of formulas to determine perimeter, area, volume, and various attributes of plane and solid geometric figures
- use coordinate geometry to analyze properties of two-dimensional figures and perform translations, reflections, rotations, and dilations
- explain and generalize patterns, sequences, and functions using tables, graphs, and symbolic algebra
- solve and graph linear equations, inequalities, and systems of equations
- determine slope, midpoint, and distance in the coordinate plane
- compute with polynomials; and explore simple quadratic equations
- use measures of center and spread to analyze data
- investigate and evaluate the change of data and display it appropriately in graphs
- make predictions based on samples representative of a larger population
- use permutations and combinations to calculate the number of possible outcomes recognizing repetition and order
- compute the probability of compound events, independent events, and simple dependent events.
Higher Math Students
Students who test out higher than eighth grade and can manage less instruction will be given the opportunity to earn a pre-algebra I credit by using an on-line course. You will still receive instruction but you will be expected to come to class and log on to your coursework via the internet. You will receive your grades via the internet as well which will be recorded on your report card. When you have completed the 36 lessons which is equivalent to two semesters, you will be awarded a high school credit that will transfer to your next school.
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